Apple has filed an appeal against a landmark €500 million (£430 million) fine imposed by the European Commission earlier this year, escalating tensions between Silicon Valley and Brussels over digital market regulation.

Apple appealed a $580 million fine from the European Commission, which claimed that the company broke the rules controlling how app developers could communicate with users on Monday.

Today we filed our appeal because we believe the European Commission’s decision, and their unprecedented fine, go far beyond what the law requires. As our appeal will show, the EC is mandating how we run our store and forcing business terms which are confusing for developers and bad for users.