Reading time: 1 minute Curtain wall system comprises one of the elements of facade technology in high rise building. Facades involves window wall, cladding elements and curtain walls which generates ...

Reading time: 1 minute Swimming pools are constructed with concrete as a material for residential as well as hotels, clubs and schools. The concrete material has proved to be one of the long-life ...

Fine grain frost-susceptible soil, moisture that continuously supplies water to ice lenses, and freezing temperature are the basic elements of frost heave action. When temperature declines, the ice ...

Reading time: 1 minute In an era when sustainability has become an important benchmark for forward-thinking buildings, it's inspiring to see how far architecture and design have come in the pursuit of ...

2. Double Scaffolding Double Scaffolding is generally used for stone masonry so, it is also called as mason’s scaffolding. In stone walls, it is hard to make holes in the wall to support putlogs. So, ...

Reading time: 1 minute What is Shoring? Shoring is the construction of a temporary structure to support temporarily an unsafe structure. These support walls laterally. Shoring can be used when walls ...

Reading time: 1 minute Underpinning is a method for repair and strengthening of building foundations. Underpinning methods, procedures and their applications in strengthening of different types of ...

5. WBM Roads Water Bound Macadam (WBM) roads contain crushed stone aggregate in its base course. The aggregates are spread on the surface and rolled after sprinkling water. WBM roads provide better ...

Reading time: 1 minute Epoxy is a paint, plastic, adhesive, or thermoset plastic material made by mixing two or more industrial chemical compounds to provide a high degree of resistance against wear ...

Reading time: 1 minute Quality tests on concrete are performed as a part of quality control of concrete structures. Different quality tests on concrete such as compressive strength tests, slump tests, ...

Reading time: 1 minute The manufacture of asphalt roofing materials has been undergone from the 1890s. Today asphalt shingles cover 70 to 80 percent of the roofs in united states. It has now spread to ...

2. Surcharge loads Acting on Retaining Wall Surcharge loads acting on retaining walls are additional vertical loads that used to the backfill soil above the top of the wall. It can be either dead ...